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Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi
Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land is a grouping of five sites from late eleventh- and twelfth-century Hiraizumi, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The serial nomination was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2011, under criteria ii and vi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hiraizumi – Temples, Gardens and Archaeological Sites Representing the Buddhist Pure Land )〕
==Hiraizumi==
For four generations from c.1087, when Fujiwara no Kiyohira moved his headquarters and residence from further north, until 1189, when the army of Minamoto no Yoritomo put an end to the Northern Fujiwara, Hiraizumi served as an important political, military, commercial, and cultural centre. Several major temples associated with Pure Land Buddhism were founded and endowed, but the demise of their benefactors and a series of fires contributed to their subsequent decline. When Bashō visited in 1689 he was moved to write, in Oku no Hosomichi: ''summer grass... remains of soldiers' dreams''. A series of excavations from the mid-twentieth century onwards combined with references in Azuma Kagami, in particular the ''Bunji-no-chūmon'' petition of 1189, and the ''Shōwa sojō'' or "monks' appeal" of 1313 from the Chūson-ji archives, has contributed much to the understanding of the sites and the period.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Historical Study by the Historical Documents )〕
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